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Finance GlossaryEquity Shares
Equity Shares
Definition of Equity Shares
Equity shares is a term used to describe stock of a company that’s issued via an Initial Public Offer (IPO), already issued and traded on the stock market, or freshly available through a Follow on Public Offer (FPO).
For a company, the goal of issuing equity shares is to raise money while investors who buy these equity shares get perks like voting rights, dividends, and even a share of the assets in case the company is liquidated.
For a company, the goal of issuing equity shares is to raise money while investors who buy these equity shares get perks like voting rights, dividends, and even a share of the assets in case the company is liquidated.
Related Terms
Acid Test Ratio
An Acid Test Ratio shows whether a company has enough liquid short-term assets to deal with current liabilities.
The higher the Acid Test Ratio the better a company’s ability to deal with debt.
Acid Test Ratio = (Cash + Marketable Securities + Accounts Receivable)/Current liabilities
The higher the Acid Test Ratio the better a company’s ability to deal with debt.
Acid Test Ratio = (Cash + Marketable Securities + Accounts Receivable)/Current liabilities
Indices
Indices are a collection of financial instruments that measure the performance of those very instruments.
For example, stock market indices like Nifty 50 and Sensex measure the top 50 and 30 stocks by market capitalization.
If indices go up, it generally means that the underlying stocks are performing well. The opposite is true when indices plummet.
By the way, there’s no limit to how many instruments an index can track. The Nifty Smallcap 250 tracks 250 stocks whereas Nifty Bank tracks 12 stocks.
For example, stock market indices like Nifty 50 and Sensex measure the top 50 and 30 stocks by market capitalization.
If indices go up, it generally means that the underlying stocks are performing well. The opposite is true when indices plummet.
By the way, there’s no limit to how many instruments an index can track. The Nifty Smallcap 250 tracks 250 stocks whereas Nifty Bank tracks 12 stocks.
Brokerage
Brokerage is the fee that an investor or trader must pay to a brokerage in exchange for its services. Brokerage varies from platform to platform. But, broadly speaking, brokerage on intraday, futures, and options trading is known to be higher than equity delivery (investing).
EBITDA
EBITDA is short for Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization. EBITDA allows investors to understand cash flow from all operations while excluding certain non-cash expenses related to interest, depreciation, amortization, and taxes.
That’s why investors use EBITDA as a valuation technique to determine the profitability of a company. Interestingly, EBITDA is a variation of operating income which is known as EBIT.
While there are many ways to calculate EBITDA, the most common methods include:
1) EBITDA = Net Income + Taxes + Interest + Depreciation + Amortization 2) EBITDA = Operating Income + Depreciation & Amortization
That’s why investors use EBITDA as a valuation technique to determine the profitability of a company. Interestingly, EBITDA is a variation of operating income which is known as EBIT.
While there are many ways to calculate EBITDA, the most common methods include:
1) EBITDA = Net Income + Taxes + Interest + Depreciation + Amortization 2) EBITDA = Operating Income + Depreciation & Amortization
Average True Range Atr
The Average True Range (ATR) is a technical indicator used to measure market volatility, typically using the average of true ranges from 14 periods that can be daily, weekly, monthly, or even intraday values.
The formula for ATR is:
ATR = Previous ATR (n - 1) + True Rangen / n
n= number of periods
True Range = The greater/highest of these:
- High - low (Day 1)
- Absolute value of (Day 1’s high - Day 0’s close)
- Absolute value of (Day 1’s low - Day 0’s close)
Issuer
An issuer is the company that sells its shares to the public for the first time via an IPO. Investors can buy the freshly issued shares from the issuer by meeting the issue price. Large Cap Stocks
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